1099 Contractor in Virginia with a Hawaii Client: Where Do You File?
Answer
Virginia taxes all of it; Hawaii taxes only what you earn on its soil. Nothing is withheld from a 1099, so you pay Virginia quarterly. A Hawaii client alone creates no Hawaii filing obligation — performing services inside Hawaii does, and Virginia then credits that tax.
Last verified
The client's location is the wrong thing to track. What matters is where you were sitting when you did the work — which is why a contractor's exposure to Hawaii is measured in days on the ground rather than in invoices sent.
Hawaii publishes no de minimis day count or dollar floor for nonresidents. Any Hawaii-source wage income above the state's general filing threshold requires a nonresident return, and that threshold is reset each year — check the current figure on the Hawaii Department of Taxation nonresident instructions before filing.
What you file
- 1Quarterly estimated payments · Virginia
Make quarterly estimated payments to Virginia Department of Taxation on your full self-employment income — nothing is withheld from a 1099.
- 2Nonresident return · HawaiiForm N-15
File a Hawaii nonresident return only if you performed services inside Hawaii. Hawaii publishes no de minimis day count or dollar floor for nonresidents. Any Hawaii-source wage income above the state's general filing threshold requires a nonresident return, and that threshold is reset each year — check the current figure on the Hawaii Department of Taxation nonresident instructions before filing.
- 3Resident return · VirginiaSchedule OSC
File the Virginia resident return last and claim the credit for any tax paid to Hawaii.
The two states, side by side
| Virginia | Hawaii | |
|---|---|---|
| Taxes wages | Yes — graduated | Yes — graduated |
| Reciprocity partners | 5 (Form VA-4) | None |
| Convenience rule | No | No |
| Nonresident return | Form 763 | Form N-15 |
| Credit for other-state tax | Schedule OSC | Schedule CR |
| Nonresident safe harbour | None published | None published |
| Local income tax | No | No |
| Revenue department | Virginia Department of Taxation | Hawaii Department of Taxation |
| Last verified |
The other direction
Reversing the commute does not always reverse the answer. Living in Hawaii and working in Virginia gives:Home state, plus the client state if you work there.
Same two states, different situation
The withholding answer turns on how you are paid and where the work happens, not only on which two states are involved.
- W-2 commuter: Virginia → HawaiiBoth states — credit offsets the double tax
- Remote worker: Virginia → HawaiiHome state only
- Moved mid-year: Virginia → HawaiiTwo part-year returns
Other Virginia pairs
Questions people actually ask
I live in Virginia and my client is in Hawaii. Do I have to file a Hawaii tax return?
Virginia taxes all of it; Hawaii taxes only what you earn on its soil. Nothing is withheld from a 1099, so you pay Virginia quarterly. A Hawaii client alone creates no Hawaii filing obligation — performing services inside Hawaii does, and Virginia then credits that tax.
Do reciprocity agreements help a 1099 contractor?
No. Every state reciprocity agreement in the country is an arrangement about wage withholding between two revenue departments, and a 1099 has no withholding to switch off. Whether Virginia and Hawaii hold an agreement makes no difference to a self-employed filer — sourcing rules decide the answer instead.
How current is this?
The Virginia and Hawaii rules on this page were last checked against Virginia Department of Taxation and Hawaii Department of Taxation on 2026-08-07. We re-check the full grid every December after state legislative sessions close, and re-check the convenience-of-the-employer states quarterly because that is where the rules move fastest.
Sources
Every fact above comes from the revenue department that publishes the rule. We do not cite secondary summaries, and we do not restate a figure we could not find at source.
- Virginia Department of Taxation — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07
- Virginia — Form VA-4accessed 2026-08-07
- Virginia Tax — Reciprocityaccessed 2026-08-07
- Hawaii Department of Taxation — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07