Moved from Montana to Oregon Mid-Year: Which State Tax Returns Do You File?
Answer
Expect a part-year filing on each side. The point of a part-year return is that neither state taxes the whole year, so you are not double-taxed by default — but income received close to the move date has to be assigned carefully, and a lingering Montana source can still pull a nonresident filing along with it.
Last verified
A mid-year move splits the tax year in two, and each state taxes its own half. That is a residency question, so the machinery that governs commuters — reciprocity agreements, convenience rules, nonresident withholding — is beside the point here.
What you file
- 1Part-year return · MontanaForm 2 with the nonresident/part-year schedule
File a Montana part-year return covering the months you lived in Montana. A part-year resident of Montana reports the income received while a Montana resident, plus any Montana-source income received during the rest of the year, and prorates the deductions and credits to the residency period.
- 2Part-year return · OregonForm OR-40-P
File a Oregon part-year return covering the months you lived in Oregon. A part-year resident of Oregon reports the income received while a Oregon resident, plus any Oregon-source income received during the rest of the year, and prorates the deductions and credits to the residency period.
The two states, side by side
| Montana | Oregon | |
|---|---|---|
| Taxes wages | Yes — graduated | Yes — graduated |
| Reciprocity partners | 1 (Form MW-4) | None |
| Convenience rule | No | No |
| Nonresident return | Form 2 with the nonresident/part-year schedule | Form OR-40-N |
| Part-year return | Form 2 with the nonresident/part-year schedule | Form OR-40-P |
| Credit for other-state tax | Form 2 (credit for income tax paid to another state) | Schedule OR-ASC-NP |
| Nonresident safe harbour | None published | None published |
| Local income tax | No | Yes |
| Revenue department | Montana Department of Revenue | Oregon Department of Revenue |
| Last verified |
The other direction
Reversing the commute does not always reverse the answer. Living in Oregon and working in Montana gives:Two part-year returns.
Same two states, different situation
The withholding answer turns on how you are paid and where the work happens, not only on which two states are involved.
- W-2 commuter: Montana → OregonBoth states — credit offsets the double tax
- Remote worker: Montana → OregonHome state only
- 1099 contractor: Montana → OregonHome state, plus the client state if you work there
Other Montana pairs
Questions people actually ask
I moved from Montana to Oregon mid-year. Do I have to file in both states?
Expect a part-year filing on each side. The point of a part-year return is that neither state taxes the whole year, so you are not double-taxed by default — but income received close to the move date has to be assigned carefully, and a lingering Montana source can still pull a nonresident filing along with it.
How do I split my income between Montana and Oregon?
By when you received it, measured against the date your domicile actually changed. Income received while you were a Montana resident belongs on the Montana return and income received afterwards on the Oregon return, with each state prorating your deductions, exemptions and credits to its own part of the year. Keep evidence of the move date — a lease, a closing statement, a licence issue date.
How current is this?
The Montana and Oregon rules on this page were last checked against Montana Department of Revenue and Oregon Department of Revenue on 2026-08-07. We re-check the full grid every December after state legislative sessions close, and re-check the convenience-of-the-employer states quarterly because that is where the rules move fastest.
Sources
Every fact above comes from the revenue department that publishes the rule. We do not cite secondary summaries, and we do not restate a figure we could not find at source.
- Montana Department of Revenue — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07
- Oregon Department of Revenue — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07