Live in Arizona, Work in South Dakota: Which State Taxes Your Paycheck?
Answer
Arizona taxes the income and South Dakota cannot. Residency, not the location of the job, drives this answer: Arizona reaches all of a resident's income, and South Dakota has no personal income tax to apply to the part earned inside its borders.
Last verified
The instinct that working in a no-tax state means paying no tax is the single most expensive misunderstanding in this niche. South Dakota takes nothing, but Arizona still taxes residents on income earned anywhere, so the full amount lands on your Arizona return.
What you file
- 1Resident return · Arizona
File a Arizona resident return reporting all of your income.
The two states, side by side
| Arizona | South Dakota | |
|---|---|---|
| Taxes wages | Yes — graduated | No |
| Reciprocity partners | None | None |
| Convenience rule | No | No |
| Nonresident return | Form 140NR | Not applicable |
| Credit for other-state tax | Form 309 | No income tax |
| Nonresident safe harbour | None published | Not applicable |
| Local income tax | No | No |
| Revenue department | Arizona Department of Revenue | South Dakota Department of Revenue |
| Last verified |
The other direction
Reversing the commute does not always reverse the answer. Living in South Dakota and working in Arizona gives:Work state only.
Same two states, different situation
The withholding answer turns on how you are paid and where the work happens, not only on which two states are involved.
- Remote worker: Arizona → South DakotaHome state only
- 1099 contractor: Arizona → South DakotaHome state only — estimated payments
- Moved mid-year: Arizona → South DakotaOne part-year return — the state you left
Other Arizona pairs
Questions people actually ask
I live in Arizona and work in South Dakota. Which state takes the tax out of my paycheck?
Arizona taxes the income and South Dakota cannot. Residency, not the location of the job, drives this answer: Arizona reaches all of a resident's income, and South Dakota has no personal income tax to apply to the part earned inside its borders.
Which state should my employer be withholding for?
Arizona. Your employer should withhold Arizona tax rather than South Dakota tax on these wages. If a South Dakota line is showing on your pay stub, raise it with payroll now rather than at filing time.
How current is this?
The Arizona and South Dakota rules on this page were last checked against Arizona Department of Revenue and South Dakota Department of Revenue on 2026-08-07. We re-check the full grid every December after state legislative sessions close, and re-check the convenience-of-the-employer states quarterly because that is where the rules move fastest.
Sources
Every fact above comes from the revenue department that publishes the rule. We do not cite secondary summaries, and we do not restate a figure we could not find at source.
- Arizona Department of Revenue — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07
- South Dakota Department of Revenue — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07