Live in District of Columbia, Work in Missouri: Which State Taxes Your Paycheck?
Answer
Expect withholding in Missouri and a return in both. District of Columbia and Missouri hold no reciprocal agreement, so the overlap is resolved after the fact: Missouri taxes the Missouri-source wages, and your District of Columbia resident return claims a credit for that tax against the District of Columbia liability on the same income.
Last verified
Without an agreement between District of Columbia and Missouri, the overlap is handled after the fact rather than prevented. That is why the filing order matters: the Missouri figure is an input to the District of Columbia return, so completing District of Columbia first means doing it twice.
A District of Columbia resident taxed by another state on the same income claims the credit for taxes paid to other states on Schedule U (Form D-40). The credit is capped at the District of Columbia tax on that income, so it removes the double tax but never refunds the excess when the other state charges more.
Missouri also has a layer below the state one, and it is the layer that survives every agreement: Kansas City and St. Louis each levy a one per cent earnings tax on wages earned inside the city, collected by the city. Nonresidents pay it on the portion of work performed there.
What you file
- 1Nonresident return · MissouriForm MO-1040 with Form MO-NRI
File the Missouri nonresident return FIRST — you need the Missouri tax figure before you can complete District of Columbia.
- 2Resident return · District of ColumbiaSchedule U (Form D-40)
File a District of Columbia resident return reporting all income, then claim the credit for tax paid to Missouri. The credit is capped at what District of Columbia would have charged on that same income, so if Missouri taxes it at a higher rate the difference is not refunded.
The two states, side by side
| District of Columbia | Missouri | |
|---|---|---|
| Taxes wages | Yes — graduated | Yes — graduated |
| Reciprocity partners | 2 (Form D-4A) | None |
| Convenience rule | No | No |
| Nonresident return | None — nonresidents exempt | Form MO-1040 with Form MO-NRI |
| Credit for other-state tax | Schedule U (Form D-40) | Form MO-CR |
| Nonresident safe harbour | Not applicable | None published |
| Local income tax | No | Yes |
| Revenue department | District of Columbia Office of Tax and Revenue | Missouri Department of Revenue |
| Last verified |
The other direction
Reversing the commute does not always reverse the answer. Living in Missouri and working in District of Columbia gives:Nonresidents are exempt by statute.
Same two states, different situation
The withholding answer turns on how you are paid and where the work happens, not only on which two states are involved.
- Remote worker: District of Columbia → MissouriHome state only
- 1099 contractor: District of Columbia → MissouriHome state, plus the client state if you work there
- Moved mid-year: District of Columbia → MissouriTwo part-year returns
Other District of Columbia pairs
Questions people actually ask
I live in District of Columbia and work in Missouri. Which state takes the tax out of my paycheck?
Expect withholding in Missouri and a return in both. District of Columbia and Missouri hold no reciprocal agreement, so the overlap is resolved after the fact: Missouri taxes the Missouri-source wages, and your District of Columbia resident return claims a credit for that tax against the District of Columbia liability on the same income.
Which state should my employer be withholding for?
Missouri. The wages are sourced to Missouri, so Missouri withholding is correct and there is no District of Columbia withholding to set up.
Will I end up paying tax twice on the same income?
Not twice over, but you will pay the higher of the two rates. District of Columbia gives residents a credit for tax paid to Missouri on the same income, claimed on Schedule U (Form D-40). The credit is capped at the District of Columbia tax on that income, so if Missouri taxes it more heavily the excess is not refunded by either state.
How current is this?
The District of Columbia and Missouri rules on this page were last checked against District of Columbia Office of Tax and Revenue and Missouri Department of Revenue on 2026-08-07. We re-check the full grid every December after state legislative sessions close, and re-check the convenience-of-the-employer states quarterly because that is where the rules move fastest.
Sources
Every fact above comes from the revenue department that publishes the rule. We do not cite secondary summaries, and we do not restate a figure we could not find at source.
- District of Columbia Office of Tax and Revenue — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07
- Missouri Department of Revenue — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07