Live in Vermont, Work Remotely for a Montana Employer: Who Taxes You?
Answer
Your home state takes it and the work state does not. Montana levies no tax on wages; Vermont taxes residents on all income regardless of where it was earned. The result is a single Vermont resident return covering the full amount, with no offsetting credit.
Last verified
The instinct that working in a no-tax state means paying no tax is the single most expensive misunderstanding in this niche. Montana takes nothing, but Vermont still taxes residents on income earned anywhere, so the full amount lands on your Vermont return.
What you file
- 1Resident return · Vermont
File a Vermont resident return reporting all of your income.
The two states, side by side
| Vermont | Montana | |
|---|---|---|
| Taxes wages | Yes — graduated | Yes — graduated |
| Reciprocity partners | None | 1 (Form MW-4) |
| Convenience rule | No | No |
| Nonresident return | Form IN-111 with Schedule IN-113 | Form 2 with the nonresident/part-year schedule |
| Credit for other-state tax | Schedule IN-117 | Form 2 (credit for income tax paid to another state) |
| Nonresident safe harbour | None published | None published |
| Local income tax | No | No |
| Revenue department | Vermont Department of Taxes | Montana Department of Revenue |
| Last verified |
The other direction
Reversing the commute does not always reverse the answer. Living in Montana and working in Vermont gives:Home state only.
Same two states, different situation
The withholding answer turns on how you are paid and where the work happens, not only on which two states are involved.
- W-2 commuter: Vermont → MontanaBoth states — credit offsets the double tax
- 1099 contractor: Vermont → MontanaHome state, plus the client state if you work there
- Moved mid-year: Vermont → MontanaTwo part-year returns
Other Vermont pairs
Questions people actually ask
I live in Vermont and work remotely for a Montana employer. Which state do I pay?
Your home state takes it and the work state does not. Montana levies no tax on wages; Vermont taxes residents on all income regardless of where it was earned. The result is a single Vermont resident return covering the full amount, with no offsetting credit.
Which state should my employer be withholding for?
Vermont. Your employer should withhold Vermont tax rather than Montana tax on these wages. If a Montana line is showing on your pay stub, raise it with payroll now rather than at filing time.
Does my Montana employer's location alone create a Montana tax obligation?
No. Montana sources wages to the place where the work is physically performed, and it does not apply a convenience-of-the-employer rule that would override that. Days you actually spend working inside Montana are a different matter — those are Montana-source income and can require a nonresident return.
How current is this?
The Vermont and Montana rules on this page were last checked against Vermont Department of Taxes and Montana Department of Revenue on 2026-08-07. We re-check the full grid every December after state legislative sessions close, and re-check the convenience-of-the-employer states quarterly because that is where the rules move fastest.
Sources
Every fact above comes from the revenue department that publishes the rule. We do not cite secondary summaries, and we do not restate a figure we could not find at source.
- Vermont Department of Taxes — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07
- Montana Department of Revenue — individual income taxaccessed 2026-08-07